Statement on the War in the Gaza

Statement on the War in the Gaza

Loss of life in whatever cause is terrible and offends the human condition. Systematic killing, especially of children, women, and the non-combatant majority, is indefensible.

All of us have been shocked by the wanton violence that erupted a fortnight ago in Israel and Gaza, and its unrelenting escalation since. The descent into the antediluvian notion of ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth’ cannot fester amongst and divide us from the innate desire to be at peace with ourselves and with one another, creating a better and safer world for our loved ones. Bombs, bullets and bigotry can never replace justice, tolerance and inclusivity in our fractured, yet shared, world.

Over 2570 years ago, the Greek writer Aeschylus stated ‘In war, truth is the first casualty’. The ricochet of blame, the untruths and abject lack of appropriate leadership who can rise above the centuries old disputes and display statesmanship, instead of foment further human destruction and habitat, is sorely needed, to make our world safer, away from the current miasma and myopia, where war becomes the first, instead of the last, resort.

Those of us who have lived through the worst of apartheid oppression – rightly defined by the United Nations as ‘a crime against humanity’ – are horrified by the graphic live scenes where we can view war as it happens, committed by the few protagonists and the many, mostly innocent, victims. The parallels between the apartheid crime against humanity in South Africa and Israeli-Palestinian conflict are irresistible.

Yet, nothing that we have experienced in the worst apartheid brutality and killing sprees has prepared us for the sheer murderous intent that we are vicariously experiencing, and the lame but vehement justifications that remind us of the massacres of Sharpeville (21 March 1960), Soweto (16 June 1976) and other sites of our unconscionable denialism and shameful history. For what it’s worth, while the gross human rights violations were occurring, the apartheid defenders were terrified of ‘Will you not do to us as we have done unto you?’ This seemed to undergird their naked hostility to those of us who stood on the side of social justice, equality and the quest for our true humanity. Those who have actually experienced unbridled oppression, flagrant exploitation and the egregious attempt to dehumanise us, were never bent on the primeval bloodlust of vengeance and retribution, which is not theirs but ‘is Mine, I will repay, sayeth the Lord’, versions of which are replete in the Bible, from ancient Hebrew to later versions. Amongst the Commandments are the injunctions: ‘Thou shalt not kill’ and ‘Thou shalt not steal’ while ‘the name of the Lord thy God’ continues to be taken in vain.

Our members have been inundated with calls from social and traditional media, and tried and tested leadership at various levels in society – including the clergy, health and legal professions – to explain the effects of war as it happens, (whether we want to listen, view or read about it)  and help mitigate the impacts on their viewers, listeners and readers. Psychology has significantly grown out of wars, not only from ‘shell shock’ to ‘PTSD’, but from selection of military personnel to improving their performance under extremely stressful conditions, and other functioning. Thankfully, we are better known for our compassionate caring for those we treat in various settings throughout the lifespan.

Can we justify war and violence? Can we justify inhumanity? Can we justify murder? Can we ever make it better for victims of the holocaust? Can we make it better for the victims of genocide in Rwanda, Palestine, or anywhere else? We can be beacons of peace and prevent gratuitous violence. We can use our scientific and applied knowledge to inform leaders to avoid war and its evident brutalities, which always cause profound dislocation of all types, and for which there are no excuses. Research on the effects of war, especially on children, speaks for itself, while post-war trauma interventions evidence low success.

How do we protect our children – our collective future – from the harmful content of war that they are glued to and which they are inevitably being traumatised and socialised by? Extreme responses, ever-present watchfulness, withdrawal from ordinary healthy developmental processes, and other deleterious consequences are quite likely to become normative. The social media era is a bane and a boon. Its intended good can be easily swayed into deliberate distortion, being thrust into needless fear, becoming a very accessible conduit for narrow and dangerous views, peddling self and other hate which are all too common.  This steadily replaces the socialisation – through education/information received in all forms in the home, the school, the playground, the media, other social and religious engagements; all supposedly safe spaces – that is a necessary requirement for well-rounded and thriving children, becoming better and fuller human beings than the carriers of trauma, hate and intolerance that they are subjected to.

It is about time for all of us to have open conversations about our beliefs, our fears, our conceptualisations of the other, our experiences of the apartheid past and the democratic present, so that we are able to understand one another’s pain and what brings us joy. This will help reduce the nightmares that we have in our troubled and deeply-divided world, and shape a more considerate, compassionate and caring future for all.

We call for the end to all structural and military violence and the provision of humanitarian aid to those most affected.

How we treat the worst off, anywhere, underlines our own claim to being human.

Hundreds of Activists Join the KZN Mental Health Walk 2023

Despite wet and windy weather conditions, 850 people turned up to support the KZN Mental Health Advocacy Walk last Sunday, ahead of World Mental Health Day on October 10.

Many familiar PsySSA faces also belonged to the main organizing committee of the KwaZulu-Natal Mental Health Advocacy Group, under whose auspices the walk is hosted. They include Suntosh Pillay, co-founder of the Advocacy Group and executive member of the PsySSA Community and Social Psychology Division; Lynne Richards, who managed the walk’s logistics with the eThekwini Municipality, and is the chairperson of the PsySSA Trauma and Violence Division; and Rivendri Govender, who ensured that over 30 organisations attended the related Wellness Fair, and is the Secretary of the Society for Educational Psychology of South Africa (SEPSA) with Professor Suvira Ramlall, a psychiatrist who co-founded of the event with Pillay, this small team pulled of another well-attended walk for the eight year running.

Pillay says that the 5km walk “continues to grow every year as the flagship community-driven mental health event in the province, if not the country. We are probably the biggest, free, mental health walk in South Africa right now.” People came from all corners of KZN, including Chatsworth, the South Coast, Madadeni and Pietermaritzburg, and brought placards and posters to voice their slogans. The SABC, Isolezwe, and local newspapers all supported the walk with media coverage. Govender said a walk is a fun and interactive way to get people to engage with the topic of mental health “which people shy away from”. “We are encouraging people to take a stand against the stigma.” Richards agrees. “Annually, the walks brings together individuals from diverse backgrounds to advocate together. It is a wonderful day filled with activities, such as yoga and aerobics.”

The theme for #WMHD 2023 is “Mental health is a universal human right”. Pillay said this topic is especially pertinent given the current debates about National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa and the best way to achieve universal health coverage. “NHI is one option; but whatever funding mechanism we use to gain equity of access to healthcare, psychosocial services must be included from the outset. There is no debate that psychology professionals are an essential service,” said Pillay.

The related wellness fair at the North Beach amphitheater had 30 organisations to interact with the public, including the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG), Refugee Social Services, the Durban Book Fair, the Mum’s Support Network, Mondia Health, Medis Medical Software, the KZN Department of Health, Akeso, and Joint Medical Holdings.

Pierre Buckley, from the Global Interfaith Network (GIN), joined as an LGBTQ+ activist. “GIN understands the importance of wellbeing in its entirely,” said Buckley. “Being present and supporting the walk adds our voice and presence to support the urgency to address mental wellness in society. This was a meaningful event.”

To support the event, contact suntoshpillay@gmail.com

Photo credits: Vijay Ramballie.

PsySSA Commemorates Panic Awareness Day 2022

PsySSA Commemorates Panic Awareness Day 2022

Panic Awareness Day 10 July 2022: By Dr. Guru Kistnasamy.

The tragedy of 21 children who died in the Enyobeni Tavern in East London on 26th of June 2022 still reverberates in our minds. The Enyobeni Tavern tragedy is similar to the incident at Throb in Chatsworth where 13 children died in a stampede two decades ago. They were trying to flee from tear gas that was released by an unscrupulous employee.

Panic can lead to death if untreated. 10 July is Panic Disorder Day.

Panic Disorders are episodes of intense fear that come without warning or apparent reason. It can occur anywhere and may prevent the individual from leaving home, going to work, or carrying out errands. Persons experiencing a panic attack may feel that they are having a heart attack, losing control, or dying.

The symptoms of panic disorder include a pounding or racing heart, sweating, chills, trembling, difficulty breathing, weakness or dizziness, numbness in the hands, being out of breath and chest pains.

The website of the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) offers the following strategies for coping with panic:

  1. Remember that although your feelings and symptoms are frightening, they are not dangerous or harmful.
  2. Understand that what you are experiencing is only the exaggeration of your normal bodily reactions to stress.
  3. Do not fight your feelings or wish them away. The more you are willing to face them, the less intense they will become.
  4. Do not add to your panic by thinking about what “might” happen.
  5. Focus on the present. Notice what is happening to you as opposed to what you think might happen.
  6. Label your fear from zero to ten. Notice that it does not stay high for more than a few seconds.
  7. When you find yourself thinking about the fear, focus on and carry out manageable tasks such as counting backwards in threes.
  8. Notice that when you stop adding frightening thoughts to your fear, it begins to fade.
  9. When the fear comes, expect, and accept it. Wait and give it time to pass without running away from it.
  10. Be proud of yourself for the progress you make and think about how good you will feel when you succeed each time.

Useful resources are available at most panic disorder websites including:

SADAG: https://www.sadag.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2970:everything-you-need-to-know-about-panic-attacks-and-how-to-stop-them&catid=32&Itemid=162 

South African Federation of mental Health: https://www.safmh.org/

National Institute of Mental Health. US: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/

The voices of concern over our failing health care system

The voices of concern over our failing health care system

On 21 June 2022, the Maverick Citizen published a unprecedented open letter from more than 130 senior health professionals addressed to the Minister of Health and the Premier of Gauteng.

The article stated: “the health professionals include senior academics, senior specialists of major public hospitals and heads of department, a former director-general, deputy director-general, deans of university health faculties, former heads of provincial health departments, the chair and CEO of the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority, the president of the Medical Research Council and the CEO of the board of Healthcare Funders.

Each person signs “I am” followed by their name, as a direct challenge to authorities to discipline them if they dare.

The letter is written in solidarity with Dr Tim De Maayer, whose own open letter about the dire conditions at Rahima Moosa Mother & Child Hospital earned him the support of many – and a suspension from work. The resulting outcry saw him being reinstated, but there were reports of ongoing victimisation at work, which provoked another groundswell of support.

The “I Am” movement arose spontaneously in recent days.”

In light of this movement, PsySSA has written to the Department of Health’s Director General, Dr Sandile Buthelezi and its Gauteng Head of Department, Dr Nomonde Nolutshungu, expressing our concern over our failing health care system and joining the multitude of health professionals in condemning the health authorities’ negative responses to Dr Tim De Maayer who sought to highlight the poor conditions at the Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital.

Consistent with Dr De Maayer’s assessment, many of our members working in government health care can confirm that “things are falling apart”. In this context, it is important to recognise the wider ethical duty of health professionals. They have a professional imperative to do everything possible to improve the health and wellbeing of their patients, which includes raising the alarm regarding contextual factors that militate against patient care. In other words, health care workers, including administrators, who fail to do this may be considered to be failing in their ethical duty to serve humanity and advocate for patient care.

We urge the government health authorities to acknowledge and address the failings in the health care system, and listen to the voices of citizens, health workers and anyone who has an interest in improving our health care system. 

Groups Call for American Psychological Association to Apologize and Provide Support to Victims of War-on-Terror Prisoner Abuses

Groups Call for American Psychological Association to Apologize and Provide Support to Victims of War-on-Terror Prisoner Abuses

On 25th Anniversary of UN International Day in Support of Torture Victims, Psychology and Human Rights Organizations Demand Action from APA

WASHINGTON, D.C.—June 26, 2022 marks the 25th anniversary of the United Nations International Day in Support of Torture Victims. In recognition of this milestone, the executive committee of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence—Division 48 of the American Psychological Association (APA)—has issued a statement calling upon the APA to (1) apologize to the victims of U.S. war-on-terror prisoner abuses, and (2) make recurring financial contributions to organizations that provide support for torture survivors and their families.

The statement—“Two Steps the American Psychological Association Should Take Today”—appears below and is available online at https://www.ethicalpsychology.org/materials/Two-Steps-the-American-Psychological-Association-Should-Take-Today.pdf.

Over a period of years, predominantly Muslim and Arab men and boys imprisoned at Guantanamo Bay, CIA black sites, and other locations were subjected to physical and psychological torment and degradation. For many of these individuals, the adverse consequences of their mistreatment are grave and potentially irreversible. These detention and interrogation operations relied significantly on the involvement of psychologists whose activities were preserved and defended, in part, by the APA.

At this time of heightened international turmoil and conflict, an apology is consistent with the APA’s recent centering of its commitment to protecting and advancing human rights. Moreover, the APA, an accredited NGO at the UN, has the financial resources to support organizations that help torture survivors and their families. These steps would represent a reparative model for other organizations that have also fallen short in their humanitarian missions.

Numerous groups within and outside the APA have endorsed the statement, with additional endorsements expected and invited. As of today, the list of endorsers includes the following organizations:

*Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Executive Committee (APA Division 48)

*Society for Personality and Social Psychology (APA Division 8)

*Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues-SPSSI (APA Division 9)

*Society of Counseling Psychology, Executive Board (APA Division 17)

*Psychologists in Public Service (APA Division 18)

*Society for Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychology, Executive Committee (APA Division 39)

*Divisions for Social Justice of the APA (a consortium of 22 APA divisions; the position of DSJ does not

necessarily represent or reflect the views of individual divisions)

 

*Coalition for an Ethical Psychology

*International Network for Peace Psychology

*International Society for Ethical Psychology and Psychiatry

*Psychologists for Social Responsibility

*Amnesty International USA

*Center for Constitutional Rights

*Center for Victims of Torture

*Physicians for Human Rights

*Veterans for Peace

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The Division 48 statement below and this press release have been shared with the APA’s Board of Directors and its Council of Representatives. Further dissemination to colleagues and contacts is appreciated. Thank you.

Note: This press release is available online at https://www.ethicalpsychology.org/materials/PRESS-RELEASE–Groups-Call-for-APA-to-Apologize-and-Provide-Support-to-Victims-of-War-on-Terror-Prisoner-Abuses.pdf

 

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APA Division 48 Statement: Two Steps the American Psychological Association Should Take Today 

June 26, 2022 will mark the 25th anniversary of the United Nations International Day in Support of Torture Victims.[1] In recognition of this somber milestone, the Executive Committee of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence (Division 48) calls upon the American Psychological Association (APA) to take long-delayed action in support of the direct victims of U.S. war-on-terror abuses and torture.

Over a period of years, predominantly Muslim and Arab men and boys imprisoned at Guantanamo Bay, CIA black sites, and other locations were subjected to physical and psychological torment and degradation.[2] For many of these individuals, the adverse consequences of their mistreatment are grave and potentially irreversible.

Back in 2015, the APA’s leadership appropriately apologized to its membership and to psychologists worldwide for the Association’s failures to adequately defend the profession’s fundamental ethical principles.[3] However, to date no similar apology has been offered to the prisoners grievously harmed by U.S. detention and interrogation operations. These operations relied significantly on the involvement of psychologists.[4] That involvement was tragically preserved and promoted, in part, by the APA’s own misguided actions and inaction.[5]

Now more than 20 years after the first war-on-terror prisoners were taken into U.S. custody, an apology from the APA to these victims and their families is long overdue. At a time of heightened international turmoil and conflict, this belated apology is consistent with the Association’s recent centering of its commitment to protecting and advancing human rights.[6]

But the APA should also do more. Programs that provide assistance to torture victims and their families are always in need of greater funding. The Association, an accredited nongovernmental organization at the United Nations, has the resources to make regular donations to organizations that provide support to torture survivors. As examples, both the UN Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture and the International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims direct financial support to civil society groups worldwide for this purpose.[7]

Both of these actions—a public apology and recurring financial contributions—are ideal ways to honor the upcoming United Nations International Day in Support of Torture Victims. Moreover, these ameliorative steps to redress past failures would represent a model for other prestigious organizations that have similarly fallen short in honoring their humanitarian missions.

ORGANIZATIONAL ENDORSEMENTS

*Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict, and Violence, Executive Committee (APA Division 48)

*Society for Personality and Social Psychology (APA Division 8)

*Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues–SPSSI (APA Division 9)

*Society of Counseling Psychology, Executive Board (APA Division 17)

*Psychologists in Public Service (APA Division 18)

*Society for Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychology, Executive Committee (APA Division 39)

*Divisions for Social Justice of the APA (a consortium of 22 APA divisions; the position of DSJ does not necessarily represent or reflect the views of individual divisions)

*Coalition for an Ethical Psychology

*Psychologists for Social Responsibility

*International Network for Peace Psychology

*International Society for Ethical Psychology and Psychiatry

*Amnesty International USA

*Center for Constitutional Rights

*Center for Victims of Torture

*Physicians for Human Rights

*Veterans for Peace

(Updated as of June 22, 2022)


[1] For more information about the day and its history, see https://www.un.org/en/observances/torture-victims-day

[2] See, for example, United States Senate Committee on Armed Services, Inquiry into the Treatment of Detainees in U.S. Custody, 2008, https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Detainee-Report-Final_April-22-2009.pdf; United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency’s Detention and Interrogation Program, 2014,https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/publications/CRPT-113srpt288.pdf; and Physicians for Human Rights, Broken Laws, Broken Lives: Medical Evidence of Torture by U.S. Personnel and Its Impact, June 2008, https://s3.amazonaws.com/PHR_Reports/BrokenLaws_14.pdf

[3] “Letter to APA Membership from Susan H. McDaniel and Nadine J. Kaslow,” news release, American Psychological Association, July 24, 2015, https://www.apa.org/independent-review/letter-members-apology.pdf; “Letter from Nadine J. Kaslow and Susan J. McDaniel to Psychology Colleagues in the International Community on Behalf of the Board and Members of APA,” news release, American Psychological Association, 2015, https://www.apa.org/independent-review/international-letter.pdf

[4] See, for example, Institute on Medicine as a Profession, Ethics Abandoned: Medical Professionalism and Detainee Abuse in the War on Terror (New York: The Institute, 2013); Constitution ProjectThe Report of The Constitution Project’s Task Force on Detainee Treatment, 2013, https://detaineetaskforce.org/pdf/Chapter-6_Role-of-Medical-Professionals.pdf.

[5] David H. Hoffman, Danielle J. Carter, Cara R. Viglucci Lopez, Heather L. Benzmiller, Ava X. Guo, S. Yasir Latifi, and Daniel C. Craig, Report to the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Association: Independent Review Relating to APA Ethics Guidelines, National Security Interrogations, and Torture (Revised) (Chicago, IL: Sidley Austin LLP, September 4, 2015), https://www.apa.org/independent-review/revised-report.pdf

[6] See, for example, the Association’s 2021 resolution on “APA, Psychology, and Human Rights” (https://www.apa.org/about/policy/resolution-psychology-human-rights.pdf) and its Strategic Plan adopted in 2019 (https://www.apa.org/about/apa/strategic-plan/impact-apa-strategic-plan.pdf).

[7] For more information , see https://www.ohchr.org/en/about-us/funding-and-budget/trust-funds/united-nations-voluntary-fund-victims-torture and https://www.irct.orgAnother smaller non-profit organization, Healing and Recovery After Trauma, oversees the Tea Project, a fund specifically for Guantanamo torture survivors (http://www.tea-project.org/fund-for-guantanamo-torture-survivors).

 

Roy J. Eidelson, Ph.D.

www.royeidelson.com

Member, Coalition for an Ethical Psychology

www.ethicalpsychology.org
Past President, Psychologists for Social Responsibility
www.psysr.org
610-513-8685

twitter: @royeidelson