National ADHD Day – 14 September 2024

National ADHD Day – 14 September 2024

A Lifetime with ADHD: Beyond the Diagnosis to Understanding the Ongoing Impact

by the Division for Research and Methodology 

To commemorate National ADHD Day (14 September), the PsySSA Division for Research and Methodology sought to summarise the different manifestations of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and its’ implications on behaviour across the lifespan.

What is ADHD: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental condition characterised by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with general functioning or development. An ADHD diagnosis is based on criteria outlined in the DSM-5-TR, which includes symptoms being present for at least six months and causing significant impairment.

While ADHD is commonly identified by primary symptoms of inattention, distractibility, and poor executive functioning, the American Psychological Association (APA) differentiates between three specific types of ADHD. Recently, specialists have also recognised additional common comorbidities that accompany an ADHD diagnoses, and recommend three more subtypes. Each type presents with different brain function issues, which cause different symptoms, and require specialised treatment protocols. Our infographic summarises these types and their presenting symptomology.

The impact of ADHD: Insights into the South African prevalence rates are limited, but estimated to be between 2-16% in children (Boshomane, Pillay, & Meyer, 2020; Botha & Schoeman, 2023). Adult estimates are somewhat lower, at 2.5-4.2% prevalence (Schoeman & Leibenberg, 2017), although it has been noted that 60 – 70% of children diagnosed with ADHD continue to have symptoms in adulthood (Belanger et al., 2018).

Possible causes for this larger estimated range in children include overdiagnosis in younger populations (and underdiagnosis in older groups), varying methodologies and assessment practices employed to make diagnoses, and limited expertise from practitioners (Schellack & Meyer, 2016). Given the life-changing impact of an ADHD diagnosis on an individual and their families, it should not be a diagnosis that is made in haste. Rather, practitioners should be careful in ensuring that they’re obtaining as holistic a view of their client as possible, before assigning the “ADHD label”.

Having untreated ADHD affects nearly every aspect of a person’s life and has been associated with school underachievement, family conflict, drug abuse, legal difficulties and poor work performance. Additionally, even though ADHD does not cause other psychological problems, it is common that other disorders (such as mood, anxiety, substance abuse, and learning disorders) occur alongside it, making diagnosis and treatment more challenging. Stimulant medications, such as Ritalin or Adderall, are often prescribed to manage ADHD symptoms in both children and adults. However, before medicating a client, it is important to identify their specific ADHD presentation type, as stimulants can make some forms of ADHD worse, as indicated above as well. Sometimes medicinal reactions can be extreme, causing hallucinations, violent outbursts, volatile temperaments, psychosis and suicidal behaviour. Alternatively, engaging in some form of sport or art form (for example, music) has been shown to improve or reduce the frequency of ADHD symptoms.

PLEASE do not use this article as a diagnostic resource; it is meant for informative purposes only. The South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) has a toll-free ADHD helpline (0800 55 44 33), please reach out to them if you are concerned that you or a loved one may have undiagnosed or misdiagnosed ADHD.

Shape the DRM services to best fit your needs!

Shape the DRM services to best fit your needs!

 

Shape the DRM services to best fit your needs!

We highly value your insights in shaping our services to best fit your needs. We kindly request a moment of your time to answer the question below. Additionally, we welcome any further feedback, comments, thoughts, or suggestions you may wish to share. Your input is invaluable to us!

 

What types of activities would encourage you to become or remain a paid PsySSA DRM member?
DRM Webinar: “You are the weakest Link, Goodbye” Is there a place for psychology in cybersecurity awareness?

DRM Webinar: “You are the weakest Link, Goodbye” Is there a place for psychology in cybersecurity awareness?

“You are the weakest Link, Goodbye” Is there a place for psychology in cybersecurity awareness?

Date: 19 September 2024

Time: 12h00 to 13h00

The human element is often seen as the weakest link in cybersecurity. This idea is based on the belief that human behaviour and awareness may not be as strong as the technical aspects of cybersecurity. Cyberspace is rapidly expanding and affecting society in various ways. The pervasive nature of cyber threats presents a significant challenge to governments, businesses, organizations, and individual users. Unfortunately, the South African Psychology context has not given enough attention to cybersecurity awareness as an emerging threat. This calls for urgent exploration of how the human element can adapt and improve their online security behaviour. In this latest PsySSA DRM webinar, Dr Kyle Bester argues that the human element can be both a source of vulnerability and strength in cybersecurity.

No pre-registration is required, and webinar attendance is free!

About the Presenter

Kyle Bester is a registered Research Psychologist and senior psychology lecturer and has 8 years of professional experience. He functions as a senior psychology lecturer at the University of South Africa (Unisa) and specialises in cybersecurity awareness in the SA armed forces context. He completed his PhD in Military Science at Stellenbosch University in 2023. He serves as an executive committee member in the Division for Research and Methodology (DRM) at the Psychological Society of South Africa. His research interests include military science; data colonialism; cybersecurity awareness; securitization of cyberspace and online security behaviour. He has published and presented papers both locally and internationally. He is also a product of the Emerging Psychologist Programme hosted in Prague 2024.

Board Exam Preparation Workshop – 26 September 2024

Board Exam Preparation Workshop – 26 September 2024

Board Exam Preparation Workshop – 26 September 2024

About this workshop

Join us on Zoom as we unpack the Board Exam!

The journey to becoming an HPCSA-registered psychologist entails navigating through rigorous academic training and practical experiences. However, one pivotal milestone stands between aspiring professionals and their goals: the HPCSA board exam. This exam serves as a comprehensive evaluation of theoretical knowledge, clinical skills, and ethical understanding essential for competent practice in the field. For those on the brink of undertaking this examination, the stakes are high, and the need for thorough preparation is paramount.

This underscores the necessity of a specialized board exam workshop tailored to the unique needs of prospective exam takers. Recognizing the complexities and challenges inherent in preparing for such a pivotal assessment, this workshop aims to provide invaluable clarity and guidance to participants.

The workshop will encompass multifaceted approaches to bolstering exam readiness for students in psychometry, counselling, research, educational and clinical psychology. Through interactive sessions, participants will delve into the intricacies of the exam format, content domains, and requisite competencies.

In essence, this workshop serves as a pivotal resource in equipping student and exam candidates with the tools, knowledge, and support necessary to navigate the challenges of the board exam successfully. By fostering clarity, confidence, and competence, the workshop endeavours to empower individuals to embark on their professional journeys with assurance and readiness to make meaningful contributions to the field of psychology.

Join the workshop at no cost!

Meet The Facilitators
Dr Pakeezah Rajab

Dr Pakeezah Rajab

Presenter

Bio

Dr Pakeezah Rajab is the Senior Researcher at JVR Psychometrics and a PsySSA 2024-25 Additional Executive Member. Her PhD topic was “Non-intellectual factors that influence mathematics performance in South Africa.” She has experience applying psychometric results to a variety of contexts, including schools, private practice, higher education, and corporate environments. Pakeezah has worked on numerous projects that developed, validated and/or standardised assessments for use by the South African population – including aptitude, personality, values, career guidance and emotional intelligence. Her research interests include cognitive functioning, student performance and assessment development.

Ms Genevieve Burrow

Ms Genevieve Burrow

Presenter

Bio

Genevieve Burrow is a registered counsellor and chairperson of the PsySSA Division of Registered Counsellors and Psychometrists. Genevieve is the manager of The Youth Hub, based at Groote Schuur Hospital Adolescent Centre of Excellence, where she counsels, and manages students and the counselling centre. She has hosted several board exam workshops previously, and enjoys working with students to enlighten them about the upcoming HPCSA board exam. Genevieve Burrow is committed to driving excellence and innovation in the practice of counselling, and promoting the visibility and importance of this field. Genevieve is passionate about youth upliftment and collaborates with a medically-informed multidisciplinary team to provide comprehensive and holistic care to adolescents facing diverse challenges in under-provided areas.

Dr Kemoneilwe Momi Metsing

Dr Kemoneilwe Momi Metsing

Presenter

Bio

Dr. Kemoneilwe Momi Metsing is a registered Educational Psychologist with a PhD in Psychology. She is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Psychology of Education at the University of South Africa (UNISA) and Chairperson of the Society for Educational Psychology of South Africa (SEPSA). Dr. Metsing has a private practice and consults for government and private companies on relational and organizational transformation. She is an expert witness and member of the South African Medico-Legal Association (SAMLA). Dr. Metsing has held various leadership positions, including Chief Education Specialist in the Department of Education and board member of the South African Professional Society on the Abuse of Children (SAPSAC). She is an External examiner and clinical supervisor for MEd Educational Psychology at UJ. She serves on the Executive Committee of Decolonising Psychology at the Psychological Society of South Africa (PsySSA) and is a Critical Reader for UNISA’s Department of Adult Community and Continuing Education. With expertise in developing community-based programs, Dr. Metsing has successfully brought together individuals and organizations to address social issues, fostering partnerships and sustainable solutions. She is committed to inspiring and educating the next generation of leaders and change-makers, and her appointment at UNISA marks an exciting new chapter in her journey.

Dr Matome Jack Mashiapata

Dr Matome Jack Mashiapata

Presenter

Bio

Dr Mashiapata is a registered Educational Psychologist with the Health Professions Council of SA with over three decades of experience as a lecturer college for teacher training, high school teacher, a school psychologist in the department of basic education, manager of services for students with disabilities as well as student counselling. Currently working as the Director for Counselling and Career Development at UNISA, he has presented papers and workshops locally and internationally in the areas of career counselling, pastoral counselling, mentorship, career development, ethics, students with disabilities, etc. He holds active membership and leadership roles the Psychological Society of SA (PSYSSA), Society for Education Psychology of SA (SEPSA), South African Federation of Student Affairs (SAFSAS), International Association of Student Affairs and Services (IASAS) serving as the Africa regional director, deputy chairperson of Council for Pastoral and Spiritual Counsellors (CPSC), and Higher and Further Education Disability Services Association (HEDSA). He is the past president of the Southern African Association of Counselling and Development in Higher Education (SAACDHE). Dr Mashiapata has authored a chapter on Trauma Debriefing in a book titled “Life skills – my journey, my destiny”. He presents accredited CPD workshops on ethics in counselling services.

 

Deneo Sekese

Deneo Sekese

Presenter

Bio

Deneo Sekese started her career in Human Resources specifically training and development and organisational development. Her passion for people and therapy led to a midlife career change into psychology. Deneo completed her masters in Counselling Psychology at Rhodes University and internship at the student counselling centre at the Durban University of Technology. She has had the privilege of presenting her masters research at the 27th Annual South African Psychology Congress. Deneo’s areas of interest are African Psychology, Wellbeing and Salutogenesis and Community psychology. She recently registered with the Board of Psychology HPCSA and is in the process of setting up a private practice.

Arianna Fadda

Arianna Fadda

Presenter

Bio

My name is Arianna Fadda. I hold a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Social Science Honours in Psychology both from the University of Pretoria as well as a professional master’s degree (by coursework and research report) in Social and Psychological Research from the University of the Witwatersrand. My research report focused on the perceptions of health professionals regarding an online depression screening tool adapted for South Africans. Following my master’s, I completed a year-long Research Psychology internship at the Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR) at the North-West University, during which I worked on various qualitative and quantitative research projects. I subsequently wrote and passed the Research Psychology Board Examination with the Health Professions Council of South Africa earlier this year and I am now a registered Research Psychologist. I am currently working as a research assistant for AUTHeR and planning further studies towards a PhD.

 

Adelene van Rooyen

Adelene van Rooyen

Presenter

Bio

Adelene is a registered Psychometrist (PMT 0101184) who specialises in career guidance and subject choice assessments. She qualified in October 2023 from Stellenbosch University with experience gained utilising corporate assessments. However, recently she pivoted by opening her own educationally focused practice, namely Cognisense, where she predominantly works with high school students, guiding them in making informed decisions about their future studies and careers. Her approach is rooted in a deep understanding of the unique challenges faced by young people today, and she takes pride in offering guidance that empowers students to discover their true potential and to kickstart their journey to achieving their career aspirations. Beyond her professional life, Adelene finds joy in the simple pleasures. She is an avid reader, often getting lost in the pages of her favourite fantasy books. Her home is a green sanctuary, filled with plants. Additionally, she cherishes the time spent with her two beloved Pomeranians.

PsySSA DRM AGM 29 August 2024

PsySSA DRM AGM 29 August 2024

Join us for the Annual General Meeting on 29 August 2024 at 18h00

Come and hear what we’ve been up to, have your say, show your support… whatever your reason, please show up

Date: 29 August 2024

Time: 18h00 to 19h00

Zoom link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/84882278005?pwd=ceE0rnJ9QwDarEvOXhwg6xSBGDaO7S.1

For approval: